Language and Speech as a Social Phenomenon and the Reality of Linguistic Research

Abstract

The article deals with a language as a universal cultural form, a space of uniting social and mental, as a phenomenon which reflects ancient cognition of the universe. The article emphasizes discussion of a language and speech as a unified reality. A language exists, when it can be implemented in speech, that demands conceptual involvement. A language covers its usage due to speech, this is a cognitive thesaurus, organizing a human knowledge via lexical units and various verbal symbols. The unity of a language and speech is realized in a speech act. Speech is understood as a phenomenon of unique existence and its major agent – an individual. According to development of ideas of a language and speech, a tradition of their rivality has been formed. Despite, various definitions none of the realities can exist or operate solely.